What Is Cadmium?

Cadmium, the forty-eighth element on the periodic table, is a soft, bluish-white transition metal. It's known for its industrial uses and striking toxicity.

Atomic Number: 48

Symbol: Cd

Atomic Mass: 112.41 u

Category: Transition Metal

State at Room Temperature: Solid

Discovered By: Friedrich Stromeyer (1817)

⚛️ Atomic Structure of Cadmium

Cadmium has forty-eight protons, sixty-six neutrons (in its most common isotope, Cadmium-114), and forty-eight electrons, with two in its outer shell.

  • 🟢 Protons: 48
  • 🔴 Neutrons: 66 (Most common isotope, Cadmium-114)
  • 🟡 Electrons: 48

💡 Did you know? Cadmium absorbs neutrons, making it useful in nuclear reactors!

🔬 Cadmium Properties

Cadmium is soft, malleable, and corrosion-resistant. It melts at 321°C (610°F) and has a low melting point for a metal.

🧪 How Was Cadmium Discovered?

In 1817, German chemist Friedrich Stromeyer discovered Cadmium while investigating a yellow impurity in zinc carbonate, naming it after the Latin "cadmia" (zinc ore).

⚡ Uses of Cadmium

  • 🔋 Batteries: Nickel-cadmium (NiCd) rechargeable cells.
  • 🎨 Pigments: Bright yellows and reds in paints.
  • ☢️ Nuclear: Control rods in reactors.
  • 🏭 Plating: Corrosion-resistant coatings.

💡 Fun Facts About Cadmium

  • 🌈 Creates vivid yellow artist pigments.
  • ☠️ Highly toxic, linked to health issues.
  • 🌍 Found with zinc in Earth's crust.
  • 🚬 Present in cigarette smoke.

⚠️ Safety & Precautions

Cadmium is toxic and carcinogenic, harming kidneys and bones if inhaled or ingested. Use protective gear, ventilation, and dispose of it as hazardous waste.

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